- Stiffness of the shoulder can follow a shoulder injury or surgery to the shoulder. This complication is mostly unpredictable and if it occurs, usually requires further treatment.
- A “Frozen shoulder” develops spontaneously, usually without any recollection of an injury or precipitating event. The shoulder gradually stiffens up. This is a painful condition and can be very disabling.
- Sometimes, stiffness of the shoulder may be associated with other shoulder problems such as rotator cuff disease, arthritis, infection and tumours.
- Shoulder stiffness requires a thorough investigation (including x-rays and scans) and Dr Bothma will advise you on appropriate management.


